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In 1928, the Southern Railway began installing subsidiary semaphore arms coloured white with a red horizontal stripe along the middle. Initially, calling-on signals with this style of arm carried no distinguishing letter [4.49 & 4.50], whereas shunt-ahead and warning signals had a red distinguishing letter "S" or "W" attached to the front of the arm [4.51 - 4.54].
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[4.49] Subsidiary Signal ('on').
Area: Southern Railway Usage: Low Status: Historical |
[4.50] Calling-on Signal ('off').
Area: Southern Railway Usage: Low Status: Historical |
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[4.51] Shunt-ahead Signal ('on').
Area: Southern Railway Usage: Medium Status: Historical |
[4.52] Shunt-ahead Signal ('off').
Area: Southern Railway Usage: Medium Status: Historical |
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[4.53] Warning Signal ('on').
Area: Southern Railway Usage: Low Status: Historical |
[4.54] Warning Signal ('off').
Area: Southern Railway Usage: Low Status: Historical |
A single subsidiary arm could function as either a shunt-ahead signal or a warning signal depending on the circumstances. In this instance, no letter was fitted on the arm (see [4.49]), but when the signal cleared, a letter "S" or "W" was displayed alongside in a separate indicator [4.55 & 4.56].
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[4.55] Shunt-ahead Signal ('off').
Area: Southern Railway Usage: Low Status: Historical |
[4.56] Warning Signal ('off').
Area: Southern Railway Usage: Low Status: Historical |
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Later in 1928, the Southern Railway was installing calling-on signals with a red letter "C" fitted to the arm [4.57 & 4.58], and the same letter was retrospectively fitted to each of the white calling-on arms not originally provided with one (see [4.49 & 4.50]).
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[4.57] Calling-on Signal ('on').
Area: Southern Railway Usage: Medium Status: Historical |
[4.58] Calling-on Signal ('off').
Area: Southern Railway Usage: Medium Status: Historical |
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In some early colour light signalling schemes (e.g. the Great Western Railway's Engine and Carriage lines between London Paddington and Old Oak Common, in December 1928), calling-on signals comprised a small green light mounted below the main signal head. The light was normally extinguished, it being lit only when required to authorise a movement past the main signal [4.59]. The resignalling of the Manchester Victoria - Manchester Exchange area on the LMS in March 1929 included miniature colour light type calling-on signals that displayed a similar small green light when 'off'; however, these signals followed semaphore practice by displaying a small white light for location purposes when 'on' [4.60].
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[4.59] Calling-on Signal ('off').
Area: Various Usage: Medium Status: Historical |
[4.60] Calling-on Signal ('on').
Area: Manchester Victoria - Manchester Exchange, LMS Usage: Medium Status: Historical |
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During discussions on the standardisation of signalling equipment, joint sub-committees of the Railway Clearing House recommended in December 1928 that the standard form of subsidiary arm should be coloured white with red horizontal stripes at top and bottom (see [4.45 & 4.46]); this recommendation was approved by the Superintendent's (Operating) Committee on 23 January 1929. From early 1929, the Southern Railway was installing subsidiary signals coloured accordingly, but retaining a red distinguishing letter on the arm [4.61 - 4.66].
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[4.61] Calling-on Signal ('on').
Area: Southern Railway Usage: Medium Status: Historical |
[4.62] Lower Quadrant Calling-on Signal ('off').
Area: Southern Railway Usage: Medium Status: Historical |
[4.63] Upper Quadrant Calling-on Signal ('off').
Area: Southern Railway Usage: Medium Status: Historical |
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[4.64] Shunt-ahead Signal ('on').
Area: Southern Railway Usage: Medium Status: Historical |
[4.65] Lower Quadrant Shunt-ahead Signal ('off').
Area: Southern Railway Usage: Medium Status: Historical |
[4.66] Upper Quadrant Shunt-ahead Signal ('off').
Area: Southern Railway Usage: Medium Status: Historical |
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